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Volume 13, Issue 17 , May 2012, , Pages 76-119
Abstract
Movies reflect our ideas about fundamental social, economic, and political issues. This paper studies how Iranian movies made during Iraq imposed war on Iran called sacred defense era in Iran, represent consumption of goods. The main question is how Iranian movies represent consumption and how consumption ...
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Movies reflect our ideas about fundamental social, economic, and political issues. This paper studies how Iranian movies made during Iraq imposed war on Iran called sacred defense era in Iran, represent consumption of goods. The main question is how Iranian movies represent consumption and how consumption relates to identities of personalities in Iranian films. The research method is semiotic analysis and five movies made in the mentioned period have been analyzed by this method. The movies include: Senator, Chrysanthemums, Tenants, Canary Yellow and Wedding of Nice People. The findings show that because of revolutionary discourse dominance in this era, all of studied movies reject or marginalized conspicuous consumption. In these movies, conspicuous consumption is related to negative personality and plain consumption is related to positive personality. Findings also challenge current sociological theories on consumption and media. This paper tests one of these theories..
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Volume 12, Issue 15 , December 2011, , Pages 77-117
Abstract
Educational socialization is considered as one of the main goals of educational system in any society. It transmits the inherited culture to the new generations, expands the linkages between old and new traditions, and at the same time, it deepens the social integration and solidarity among citizens. ...
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Educational socialization is considered as one of the main goals of educational system in any society. It transmits the inherited culture to the new generations, expands the linkages between old and new traditions, and at the same time, it deepens the social integration and solidarity among citizens. Nowadays, there are several agents contributing to, or complicating the process of socialization especially educational socialization. New technological advances in the fields of information and communication with their great appeal are going to challenge the culture of societies, identity of individuals, and the proccess of socialization. In this context, it should not be forgotten cell phone with its unwanted but very influential role among our teens in shools.
This study aimed at investigating the relationship between the pattern of using cell phone and educational socialization. Taking advantage from the theories of Castells, Geser, and Ingleheart, several research hypotheses were drawn and tested. Sample of the study is consisted of 280 sophomore, junior, and senior among high-school students in Koohdasht city who have been selected according to chochran sampling formula, and through two stages of sampling i.e random and stratified sampling. Some of the main results of the research are:
In general there is a significant relationship between using cell phone and educational socialization. Students who use the cell phone a lot, and have an expressive view point towards it, or use it in unsuitable situations ( unusual times and places) , or use it for longer periods of time, then they experience less educational socialization. On the contrary, students who do not have a cell phone or they often use cell phone instrumentally, then they enjoy higher degrees of educational socialization
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Volume 12, Issue 13 , September 2011, , Pages 77-93
Abstract
In this article, in spite of other factors influencing the pricing of ticket, visitors’ insight and elasticity of demand, the price of ticket in museums as an important and controversial issue in museum marketing have been considered. The results of some researches like the researches of Martin, ...
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In this article, in spite of other factors influencing the pricing of ticket, visitors’ insight and elasticity of demand, the price of ticket in museums as an important and controversial issue in museum marketing have been considered. The results of some researches like the researches of Martin, Karlin and Gordian have been observed afterward the researches have been adapted to the conditions of developing countries. Although in this case the best strategy in developing countries have been making the tickets price two rates for domestic and foreign visitors. In one hand , the culture and of course the museum are so important in developing countries , and in the other hand the number of foreign visitor compared with domestic ones may be increased in those countries although the foreign tourists may have an broader vision to the museum so they may consider it as a very valuable thing. Also according to the factors described in this paper, museum visitors, especially foreign visitors have a low price elasticity of demand. According to these two factors the managers of the museums in the developing countries, who are so worried about the decreasing number of visitors as well as the satisfaction of them , have tried to make the price of the museum tickets in two rates as a solution.
Mohammadreza Rasouli,
Volume 15, Issue 28 , March 2015, , Pages 77-106
Abstract
This study was conducted with the aim of testing the technology acceptance model and the impact of Hofstede cultural values (masculinity/femininity, uncertainty avoidance, individualism/collectivism, and power distance) on Internet technology acceptance among the students at the University of Allameh ...
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This study was conducted with the aim of testing the technology acceptance model and the impact of Hofstede cultural values (masculinity/femininity, uncertainty avoidance, individualism/collectivism, and power distance) on Internet technology acceptance among the students at the University of Allameh Tabatabai using the structural equation modeling approach. among these students, 275 were sampled, using random categorical sampling method. Research results suggested that masculinity/femininity cultural values have a positive impact on variables of the technology acceptance model (perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use). The effect of uncertainty avoidance on these variables was also negative. The impact of power distance on perceived usefulness was also negative and significant. Fitting indices of the model indicated that the theoretical model put forward befit the data collected. Research results and implications were discussed too.
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Volume 11, Issue 10 , August 2010, , Pages 79-111
Abstract
This ressearch is promoting and localizing the model, which group arts policies into four types: facilitator, patron, architect and engineer. These four types or roles can be used for displaying the degree of the state intervention in art and cultural domain. For this reason, by studying the state ...
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This ressearch is promoting and localizing the model, which group arts policies into four types: facilitator, patron, architect and engineer. These four types or roles can be used for displaying the degree of the state intervention in art and cultural domain. For this reason, by studying the state legislations between the years 1989 to 2009, performing content analysis on them and using the literature of arts and cultural policies, the new indicators have been defined instead of each role's indicators in the last model but the original framework of roles has not changed. The results show that funding mechanism (1- individuals and private firms and foundations 2- arm's length arts councils 3- ministry of culture, state cultural organizations and departments 4- state ownership of artistic means of production), tool (1-incentives and tax expenditures 2- grants, festivals and gifts 3- welfare (insurance, becoming civil servant and income security for artists) 4- official permissions, surveillances and directions), policy dynamic (1- taste differ 2- evolutionary 3- evolutionary 4- revisionary) and goal (1- economical 2- aesthetical 3- social 4- political) are appropriate indicators for evaluating arts policies as a subdomain of cultural policies in Iran.
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Volume 9, Issue 2 , August 2007, , Pages 79-113
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Volume 9, Issue 1 , May 2007, , Pages 81-106
Abstract
This article explains tourism influence on convergence and cultural development in an analytic-descriptive way. Various factors of tourism stagnation among Islamic countries can be divided into inner and outer factors. Considering background of tourism industry, especially pilgrimage one in Islam world, ...
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This article explains tourism influence on convergence and cultural development in an analytic-descriptive way. Various factors of tourism stagnation among Islamic countries can be divided into inner and outer factors. Considering background of tourism industry, especially pilgrimage one in Islam world, different forms of tourism, such as recreational, commercial, religious, pilgrimage and athletic, influence on the process of cultural convergence of Islamic countries.
This investigation results that tourism industry is an effective factor in local, regional and international level. Considering technological development in third millennium, cultural development can be achieved through reasonable planning and managing tourism. Tourism industry influences on scientific transactions, growth of social-economics productions, Islamic society union, and evolution of conventions and values. To enforce and stabilize peace, friendship and cultural development among Islamic countries, some effectual tourism development strategies are: governments’ cooperation in establishing and developing security; developing bases; conferring tourism reasonable services; setting tourism rules; informing and using information technology for advertising and marketing; educating manpower and researching into tourism.
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Volume 12, Issue 16 , May 2012, , Pages 83-127
Abstract
Security feeling is a very crucial element in every society that every government has to try to provide it as good as possible. The security has two dimensions: The objective dimension (to protect against the objective risk) and the mental dimension (feeling of safety). Some expertises believe ...
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Security feeling is a very crucial element in every society that every government has to try to provide it as good as possible. The security has two dimensions: The objective dimension (to protect against the objective risk) and the mental dimension (feeling of safety). Some expertises believe that the feeling of insecurity is worse than the insecurity itself. A Crime or insecurity phenomenon may be one or two victims, but the crime may frighten thousands of people also it may change their lifestyle and their thought. The feeling of insecurity can cause some psychological, social, cultural, economical and political injury among people.
During last year the news about violence and crimes became more and more, so it causes psychological impacts on our society. In this article we try to find an answer for this question: How is the feeling of social security among Tehranian citizens, according to recent news of violence during the last year?
This research indicates that the gender of respondents among Tehranian citizens is the most effective variable; after that the marital status, education and the age have impact on the feeling of insecurity.
Mohammad Abbaszadeh; mirdavood hashemi
Abstract
The invisible poor is an anecdote about the lives of a group of educated people in urban areas that do not seem to be impoverished. The invisible poor are people who have an income but no savings; they can just scrape by for three to four months; they are officially employed with a minimal wage and may ...
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The invisible poor is an anecdote about the lives of a group of educated people in urban areas that do not seem to be impoverished. The invisible poor are people who have an income but no savings; they can just scrape by for three to four months; they are officially employed with a minimal wage and may have many jobs; they are geographically urban but live in the city's slums. The goal of this qualitative study is to gain a better understanding of the participants' meanings and perceptions of the phenomenon of poverty. The subjects of the study were university personnel; the sampling strategy was theoretical, and the sampling technique was purposeful. The data on the meaning of poverty were analyzed using theoretical coding and then placed into five main categories, such as the burial of dreams, a sense of shame, geographical stigma, chronic physical anguish, and poverty with a sense of powerlessness—the production of tame and submissive bodies. The analysis of the macro-background causes resulted in four conceptual categories: family and broken wings of flight, social acceptance of poverty, network poverty on the outskirts of the city, and institutional invisibility. The micro-causes included two main categories: the culture of poverty and sympathizing with friends.
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Volume 13, Issue 19 , October 2012, , Pages 91-112
Abstract
Nowruz is an Iranian ancient tradition and an emblem of the Iranian culture. Globalization process has developed a new condition for all cultures that may result in eradication of the indigenous cultures. What will be the destination of Nowruz, as an Iranian culture emblem, in the course of globalization? ...
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Nowruz is an Iranian ancient tradition and an emblem of the Iranian culture. Globalization process has developed a new condition for all cultures that may result in eradication of the indigenous cultures. What will be the destination of Nowruz, as an Iranian culture emblem, in the course of globalization? To answer the question, by eliciting Nowruz features, and globalization features, adaptability of Nowruz to globalization is explained. Nowruz includes features which cover humane and universal aspects. Focusing on ethical and humane values, promoting humane relations and altruistism, paying attention to the environment and emphasizing the health and sanitation are of the humane and universal features of the Nowruz. Regarding the features, Nowruz is capable of adapting to globalization. Thus, it can be saved and promoted through overcoming threats and taking advantage of the available opportunities in the global scene.
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Volume 13, Issue 20 , February 2013, , Pages 61-86
Abstract
This paper is an attempt to understand the causes of youth social networking in Tehran. Based on Uses and Gratification Approach, this study applies qualitative method in order to identify the purposes and motivations of social networks’ young members in spite of filtering. Findings through in- ...
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This paper is an attempt to understand the causes of youth social networking in Tehran. Based on Uses and Gratification Approach, this study applies qualitative method in order to identify the purposes and motivations of social networks’ young members in spite of filtering. Findings through in- depth interviews with 20 professional users indicate that facilitating and reinforcing current relations, renewing old communication and making new friendships are the most motivations of the social networks’ users. The results illustrate that social networks are not political spaces in the users’ points of view but beside other effective factors, some political impacts are understandable in youth network interactions which are explained the end of the article.
Vahid khashei- Reza mostame
Volume 14, Issue 24 , March 2014, , Pages 63-81
Abstract
In developing cities, through the population density and moral aggregation, the accession of social inconvenience is so unavoidable. In this term, moral derangement and incoherence of norms apparent and the equivalence of social life lead to hazard. Meanwhile, the form of unorganization is occurred in ...
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In developing cities, through the population density and moral aggregation, the accession of social inconvenience is so unavoidable. In this term, moral derangement and incoherence of norms apparent and the equivalence of social life lead to hazard. Meanwhile, the form of unorganization is occurred in the society which annihilate the order and hence anomie will be divulge. In some metropolises, cultural rupture is exist because of different groups. the subject of this survey that includes the assessment of anomie in urban ghettos, focus on the component of anomie versus the affection of anomie on contexture of urbans, gain us the bases of policy making in metropolises. The case of this study includes karaj ghettos and gain us that anomie is occured by cultural conflict and blockage of social circuit.
hadi khaniki; yousef khojir
Abstract
This research is to identify the positive and negative role of virtual social networks in the development of civil society in Iran and the using rate of each one among civil activists in Tehran. This research was of a qualitative and quantitative mixture, and the research method was deep interviewing ...
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This research is to identify the positive and negative role of virtual social networks in the development of civil society in Iran and the using rate of each one among civil activists in Tehran. This research was of a qualitative and quantitative mixture, and the research method was deep interviewing and scrolling. The results of the Research show that interviewers determined 12 functions: communication, news, promotional, educational, mobilization, campaigning, replacing official media, strengthening the social power of institutions, transparency, streamlining, networking and measuring public opinion, and 10 dysfunctions: inaccurate news, information overflow, massive virtual mood, conversational bubble, celebertization, the existence of false correlations, conflict in cyberspace and recede from Real civil activity, the destruction of the privacy of civil activists, the dominance of virtual participation, and the means of presentation and self-expression, for the role of virtual social networks in the development of civil society in Iran. Of these, civil activists have mentioned communication, news and educational function as the most functions of the social networks and messengers and function of public opinion, transparency and networking, as the least functions among civil activists in Tehran. They also have mentioned Incorrect and rumored news overflow information and bubble conversation as the most dysfunction and self-expression and celebertization in cyberspace as the least dysfunctions.
Mohammad Mehdi Forghani; Hossein Basirian Jahromi; Sara Mahdavi
Volume 16, Issue 29 , June 2015, , Pages 73-99
Abstract
Membership Categorization, first explored as a term by Harvey Sacks in the mid-1960s. The primary efforts of Sacks led to present the Membership Categorization Devices (or MCDs), in which the categories and their characteristics introduced. This article, studies the procedures of Membership Categorization ...
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Membership Categorization, first explored as a term by Harvey Sacks in the mid-1960s. The primary efforts of Sacks led to present the Membership Categorization Devices (or MCDs), in which the categories and their characteristics introduced. This article, studies the procedures of Membership Categorization as a discourse analysis approach, towards Pargar Programs, focusing on Religious Subjects broadcasted from BBC Persian during 2010 to 2012, trying to find key points of Sacks’ work in combination with Norman Fairclough's semantics of three levels of description, interpretation and explanation. Findings show that just around one of the three words which representing Islam, were relatively positive, while the two of them, were negative and usually based on anti-Islamic stereotypes. Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) of these programs emphases on one episode (Islam Nature) also shows that Pargar represented Islam as a religious of violence, putrefaction, untruth, anti-modernism, and anti human rights.
davoud paktinat mehdi abadi; Faezeh Taghipour; hasan darzban rostami
Abstract
A pattern for the role of media literacy in development of social capital in Yazd is the ultimate goal of research, which, due to its novelty, is part of the basic research and is a qualitative research with Grand Theory method. Data were obtained using in-depth semi-structured interviews with 19 experts ...
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A pattern for the role of media literacy in development of social capital in Yazd is the ultimate goal of research, which, due to its novelty, is part of the basic research and is a qualitative research with Grand Theory method. Data were obtained using in-depth semi-structured interviews with 19 experts in communication science, media and sociology, and individuals were selected by theoretical sampling method to achieve theoretical saturation. Interviews became the text and process of data analysis. For open coding, line-by-line analysis was used and along with the development of concepts and categories, central and selective coding was performed. To validate the findings, four strategies from eight Cresol strategies And Miller (review of colleagues, description of researcher's stereotypes and prejudices, participant approval, rich description) were used. The findings show that if contextual conditions (message characteristics, audience conditions, media communities , Access, media, knowledge of norms) to be created and controlled by the intervenor (related to the audience, media, environment) and appropriate strategy (localization of literacy, smart use, conscious criticism, etc.). The desired end result (promotion of social capital) can be achieved.
Reza Entekhabi; Ali Ghorbani
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of media in reducing accidents through the admission process. In order to investigate the impact of media on reducing accidents, the AIDA admissin process model has been used and media advertising. The research is applied and descriptive in ...
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The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of media in reducing accidents through the admission process. In order to investigate the impact of media on reducing accidents, the AIDA admissin process model has been used and media advertising. The research is applied and descriptive in nature. The statistical population is 6000 passengers and the sample is 361 people. Between the total sample, 25.8% were single and 74.2% were married, 15% were graduates, 21.1% had diplomas, 24.1% had undergraduate degrees, 33.8% had undergraduate degrees and 1.6% had master's degrees and higher. The mean age is 37.33, the lowest is 25 and the highest value is 61 years. The average work record is 8/8, the lowest is 1 and the highest is 27 years. In order to assess the impact of television on reducing accidents, the AIDA model and its adoption process have been used, which results in "all its dimensions affecting the reduction of road accidents." Proposals for the implementation of educational programs, the use of billboards on the road, the control of the entry of qualified drivers Encourage non-accident drivers. From research suggestions, exploring the relationship between personality bridges, examining the impact of professional ethics on compliance with the rules.
Abbas Taghizadeh; Aliasghar Kia
Volume 15, Issue 26 , December 2014, , Pages 79-104
Abstract
Media literacy is a essential skill for living in the present era. In this paper, objectives, content, procedure, instruction, assessment, and restrictions on the entry of media literacy education in schools by Delphi method has been reviewed .
The results showed: The localization of media literacy ...
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Media literacy is a essential skill for living in the present era. In this paper, objectives, content, procedure, instruction, assessment, and restrictions on the entry of media literacy education in schools by Delphi method has been reviewed .
The results showed: The localization of media literacy education lead to empower abilities students to media diet, and strengthen Islamic identity and culture.
Pilot implementation of training courses, Descriptive valuation, Combining content with textbooks in primary and independent book in high school are other study findings. Also need to evaluate and critical analysis of media texts.
Results showed Media literacy is essential for students.
Mahdi Soltani Gordefaramarzi; Ahmad pakzad
Abstract
In this paper, we aim to answer the question of how “divorce” is represented in Iranian movies produced during 1980s. The questions raised in the framework of representation theory. To answer the key question, 21 films which has been made in the decade of 1380, were studied through content ...
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In this paper, we aim to answer the question of how “divorce” is represented in Iranian movies produced during 1980s. The questions raised in the framework of representation theory. To answer the key question, 21 films which has been made in the decade of 1380, were studied through content analysis method. Thus, reverse questionnaire was prepared and films were analyzed basing on content analysis.
Findings show that Iranian movies present kind of popular knowledge about social problems such as divorce in their narrations. The findings also show this assumption that Iranian films have basic information such as age and sex composition, social class, employment status information of divorced actor and actress and various information about their social and family relationships, attitudes and lifestyles. In addition, manufacturers often provide explanation of the divorce of their characters in their movies.
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Volume 14, Issue 21 , May 2013, , Pages 81-101
Abstract
Growing concerns regarding preserving as well as promoting the possibility of a fair and peaceful coexistence, both at national and transnational levels, has unprecedentedly increased the importance of dialogue. Accordingly, factors affecting dialogue have presumably been the subject of a number of studies. ...
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Growing concerns regarding preserving as well as promoting the possibility of a fair and peaceful coexistence, both at national and transnational levels, has unprecedentedly increased the importance of dialogue. Accordingly, factors affecting dialogue have presumably been the subject of a number of studies. Among the given factors, the virtual social networks have great effects on all areas of the lives. This study is to investigate the effects of social networks on cross-cultural dialogues within virtual public sphere. In this framework, it is argued that although the possibility of communication and exchange of information promotes the opportunity of dialogue, it is restrictive and confounding as well. This restriction essentially arises from the uneven distribution of facilities associated with these technologies; the special status of virtual public sphere confounds the cross-cultural dialogues, as well. Indeed, virtual social networks, due to the virtual public sphere they make, can confound dialogue and cross-cultural dialogues.
Khadija SAFIRI; Zahra Shahrzad
Abstract
Using a thematic analysis on the jokes obtained via the mobile application “Otaghe Joke”, this research is to find the categories transferred between joke tellers and recipients, and describes the viewpoints through which major sociological approaches analyze jokes and humor contents. To ...
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Using a thematic analysis on the jokes obtained via the mobile application “Otaghe Joke”, this research is to find the categories transferred between joke tellers and recipients, and describes the viewpoints through which major sociological approaches analyze jokes and humor contents. To do this, more than 500 jokes presented in the app -starting from a definite point of time and ending at the point when saturation was achieved- were coded and categorized to extract the main themes and provide a big picture of the overall situation of joke concepts. The results show that jokes - with their high influence on the pop culture - have been able to declare their intentions regarding religious contexts, challenging micro and macro powers, and criticizing social manners and behaviors. Side effects such as spreading betrayal, ethnic and gender elimination, emphasizing anomic situations, and acknowledging ethical bad habits have been also identified in the transferred theme contents.
Meisam Mohammadamini
Abstract
AbstractTheorizing about media, under the influence of prevailing view in the philosophy of mind and cognitive science, has been done mostly within a representational framework. Representationalism, however, beside its usual problems, faces a new one in the context of visual media use. In representational ...
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AbstractTheorizing about media, under the influence of prevailing view in the philosophy of mind and cognitive science, has been done mostly within a representational framework. Representationalism, however, beside its usual problems, faces a new one in the context of visual media use. In representational approach, the experience of visual media use is something exceptional and separate from everyday experiences. But by adopting an anti-representational view, like extended mind theory, no such problem arises. The basic claim of extended mind theory is that cognitive processes are not confined to our brain and body, but extend to the surrounding environment. We show that this thesis looks much more plausible in the context of visual media use, compared to representationalist approaches, and also that it may be possible to rejoin one of the objections made to the extended mind theory, namely the fallacy of coupling-constitution by pointing to media use experience. Explanatory strength of anti-representationalist approach may be one the reasons why some prominent media theorists like Hugo Münsterberg and Marshall McLuhan, long before Clark and Chalmers, had ideas about mind extension in the media theories.
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Volume 13, Issue 18 , September 2012, , Pages 83-111
Abstract
An ideal community has been one of the human aspirations. Cultural development is one of the essential factors in the way of making an Ideal community.
What is the culture role in ascertaining an Ideal society? This is the question that we answer in this article, thus we refer to some dimension of culture ...
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An ideal community has been one of the human aspirations. Cultural development is one of the essential factors in the way of making an Ideal community.
What is the culture role in ascertaining an Ideal society? This is the question that we answer in this article, thus we refer to some dimension of culture in Ideal society such as Dehiscence of reason, Extension of knowledge, brotherhood and kindness, Health and Hygiene and environmental attentions.
But the most important matter is that cultural development unavailable without theocracy and presence of Imam. Therefore supreme leadership of the Muslim community (Imammate) in The Quran and his characteristic for enrichment of culture in the Ideal Quranic society are among the topics of this article.
It is clear that Imam with some features such as justice, knowledge, divine wisdom can ascertain God’s commandments and orders and people are the real followers of him deliberately. So he can make an Ideal society.
Mohammad Hadi Homayoun; Seyed Javad Yousefi; Reza Amini Harandi
Volume 16, Issue 31 , December 2016, , Pages 83-104
Abstract
Theatrical presentation is accounted as one of the first artistic works of human being. its role and effect on the society and culture cannot be ignored. Different templates, forms and styles have been dealt with the theatrical presentation along with the cultural and social changes throughout the history. ...
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Theatrical presentation is accounted as one of the first artistic works of human being. its role and effect on the society and culture cannot be ignored. Different templates, forms and styles have been dealt with the theatrical presentation along with the cultural and social changes throughout the history. The satiric and comic theatrical presentation is accounted as one of the most prominent styles which has been more popular than other styles and it has been attracted many audiences. An important part of theatrical presentation׳s validity, especially the satiric ones, depends on audience attending; therefore the reasons and motives of audience attending will be the most important issue which should be considered. Accordingly, the research considers the audience of satiric theatrical presentation in theaters of Tehran through the qualitative perspective and tries to interpret and validate the reasons and motives of the audience attending through field data, interview with the audience, participant observation and use of theories. Finally, the reasons and motives of the audience attending explained in the following five main structures and components including accompanying the friends and relatives, entertainment, relaxation, being against the current culture and specialized utilizing.
hasan khojasteh; melika bordbar; SEYED VAHID AGHILI
Abstract
Today, the use of media around the world is very high and with the advent of technology, more opportunities have been created for audiences around the world in different situations, places, and with different behaviors. This opportunity has expanded the media sphere and has changed the means in which ...
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Today, the use of media around the world is very high and with the advent of technology, more opportunities have been created for audiences around the world in different situations, places, and with different behaviors. This opportunity has expanded the media sphere and has changed the means in which audience interacts and uses media. In recent decades, due to the dramatic changes in technology, economics, politics and society, the attitude and role of media audiences around the world has changed dramatically, which in turn has affected media strategies, content production as well as changes in business models of media. In the present study, Delphi futures study method is used and the views of 15 media professionals have been studied and analyzed regarding factors affecting consumption of future media audiences. The findings suggest that in the future audiences will not have any restrictions on the means, communication tools, time, and place of consumption of media and they can use the medium under any conditions. Furthermore their role will be constantly changing between the sender and the recipient (interactive communication model). These audiences have the power to choose from a wide range of content and services from different platforms and ultimately, they can generate content and become smart consumers, prosumers and producers, all of which are due to the audience segmentation in the media convergence environment.
Azam Ravadrad; Mania Alehpour
Abstract
In this article the manner of representing the “Other” in 10 animations which succeeded in winning Oscar award during 2005 to 2014 is studied using Barth’s three levels semiotic method. The ideological significations of these animations are also studied. In this research, the way of ...
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In this article the manner of representing the “Other” in 10 animations which succeeded in winning Oscar award during 2005 to 2014 is studied using Barth’s three levels semiotic method. The ideological significations of these animations are also studied. In this research, the way of representing race and gender of "other" are two main components. The result of the research indicate that the racist approach towards the other has changed in animations which are under study. Moreover, there has been a clear change in representing women in these animations. It can be said as a general conclusion that another representation in recent Oscar winning animations is the fact that there is not people’s race and gender which determines their otherness. Instead it is their thoughts, beliefs and actions which determine who is the “Other”. A representation of the other as the one who is against change, does not tolerate differences, is dedicated to traditions and hurts the environment is among the results of this study.
